Development of a Problem-Based Learning Model in Chemistry Responsive to Climate Change in Chemistry Teacher Training at Madrasah Aliyah

Intan Pulungan — 2026-08-27

Climate change is a global challenge that requires deep awareness and understanding across sectors, including chemistry teacher training. This study aims to develop a problem-based learning (PBL) model for chemistry that is responsive to climate change issues, and to examine its impact and effectiveness in enhancing trainees’ understanding and awareness within their professional competencies. The research adopts a mixed-methods approach with a sequential exploratory design, involving 60 chemistry trainees as participants (30 experimental, 30 control) at the Center for Religious Education and Training in Medan. Data were collected through observation, interviews, questionnaires, and documentation, and were analyzed using thematic analysis for qualitative data and t-tests for quantitative data. Based on the ANCOVA test, the significance value was 0.000 (p < 0.05), leading to the rejection of H0 and acceptance of Ha. This indicates that the responsive problem-based chemistry instructional model has a significant effect on trainees’ awareness and understanding of climate change. The PBL approach proved more effective in internalizing chemistry concepts relevant to climate change than conventional instruction, while also enhancing critical awareness of environmental impacts. The adjusted R² value of 0.748 indicates that 74.8% of the variance in trainees’ awareness and understanding can be explained by the experimental group variable (the PBL chemistry model), while the remaining 25.2% is attributable to other variables outside the model. The study concludes that the problem-based chemistry learning model is effective in increasing trainees’ conceptual understanding and ecological awareness regarding climate change.

Halal Tourism Development and Local Business Conflicts: Assessing the Potential of Sharia Arbitration in the Suramadu Bridge Area, Bangkalan

Mohammad Halili — 2026-10-05

This article investigates how the planned development of a halal tourism corridor at the foot of the Suramadu Bridge restructures social and economic space and creates potential disputes between small vendors and larger local business actors in Bangkalan, Madura. The study aims to map emerging conflict patterns, explain how spatial transformation (physical, social, and symbolic) generates perceived injustice, and evaluate the suitability of sharia arbitration as an alternative dispute resolution mechanism. Adopting a qualitative case study design, data were obtained through in-depth interviews with vendors, community figures, and business representatives, complemented by observation and analysis of planning documents. The findings reveal that formal zoning and commercial clustering privilege capital-strong actors, compress long-standing communal spaces, and produce latent tensions among local vendors who feel marginalized from decision-making. The findings indicate that local actors are more familiar with negotiation, community mediation, and deliberation than with formal sharia arbitration. Therefore, sharia arbitration is positioned in this study as a potential mechanism rather than an existing dispute resolution practice in the study area. Its relevance depends on the nature of the dispute, the existence of a valid arbitration agreement, the institutional capacity of the parties, and their willingness to choose arbitration as the forum for dispute resolution, The study offers a novel lens by linking halal tourism development, spatial restructuring, and the practical design of sharia arbitration in a Madurese context.

JENTRE

Development of a Problem-Based Learning Model in Chemistry Responsive to Climate Change in Chemistry Teacher Training at Madrasah Aliyah

Halal Tourism Development and Local Business Conflicts: Assessing the Potential of Sharia Arbitration in the Suramadu Bridge Area, Bangkalan